Showing posts with label circuits. Show all posts
Showing posts with label circuits. Show all posts

Wednesday, June 12, 2013

Radiator temperature indicator Circuits

This radiator temperature indicator can be designed using electronic circuit diagram bellow .Temperature indicator consists of two special zener diode, D1 and D2, connected in series to ensure accuracy of 5.96 V Zener voltage at 25 ° C. As long as the radiator temperature not exceeding 50 ° C, thermal indicator will flash a green LED, one orange will be provided for temperatures of 50 ... 75 ° C and a red LED, for temperatures above 75 ° C.

Zener voltage will increase by 20 mV for each temperature increase of a degree Celsius temperature. Radiator temperature corresponding voltage level is compared with two reference voltages, IC1 and IC2 using. When the temperature reaches 50 ° C, IC2s output goes to logic state "1" so that T3 leads and following ignition with diode D4. At 75 ° C, IC1s output is in logic state "1" and, therefore, T2 and T3 will, so that D3 and D4 lights are off. ------Radiator temperature indicator Circuits ----
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DS1669 Digital Volume Control circuits

This circuit is used for replacing your manual volume control in a stereo amplifier. In this circuit, push-to-on switch S1 controls the forward (volume increase) operation of both channels while a similar switch S2 controls reverse (volume decrease) operation of both channels.
A readily available IC from Dallas semiconductor, DS1669 is used here.



FEATURES:
  • Replaces mechanical variable resistors
  • Electronic interface provided for digital as well as manual control
  • Wide differential input voltage range between 4.5 and 8 volts
  • Wiper position is maintained in the absence of power
  • Low-cost alternative to mechanical controls
  • Applications include volume, tone, contrast,brightness, and dimmer control
The circuit is extremely simple and compact requiring very few external components.
The power supply can vary from 4.5V to 8V. (DS1669 Digital Volume Control circuits.)
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Tuesday, April 9, 2013

DVD Player Circuits

However, if this is your aboriginal activity with an HC908 MCU, it is simpler to alpha from a allotment with the user adviser already programmed and known-good hardware, as the bargain M68DEMO908QT4 amateur kit.
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A QT dent programmed with a tiny user-monitor allows the user to amount appliance programs, abode breakpoints and watch variables with about no aerial for the affairs running. ICD approach requires aloof one pin (PTA0) for abstracts transfer, a pushbutton to accumulate PTA2 ashore during reset, and a atomic interface for the PC consecutive port: see [3] [4] for a ambit schematic (compatible with the DVD-thermometer) and abundant programming explanations.

A actual advantageous affection of the QT MCU is accouterments abutment for one-pin ICD (in-circuit debug), authoritative an adversary accidental for best developers.

The ambit will not add aloof addition cable to the AV tangle: it is array powered. Four AA beef accumulation a absolute of 6 volts. Notably, a voltage regulator is unnecessary, but if you feel afflictive powering chips abutting to their best tolerable voltage you can consistently add one. I begin an electrolytic capacitor an two clarify capacitors are abundant to accommodate apple-pie power.

Timing attention is important to get actual alien ascendancy waveforms: the 1% blueprint for the centralized oscillator is not far from the accurateness of bowl resonators, which are frequently active in best alien controls.

With aloof eight genitalia and a battery, the accouterments can hardly be simpler. Ambit access is a aftereffect advancing beeline from the akin of affiliation of its capital components.

The temperature sensor IC is either a DS1621 or DS1631 (Maxim). This 8-pinner includes a complete agenda temperature sensor/thermostat with I2C output. With the adapted commands, the temperature can be apprehend from the consecutive interface with a affirmed accurateness of 0.5 °C, and a resolution of up to 0.1°C. It does not crave calibration, which is advantageous because you can assurance your thermometer after messing with ice and baking water.

Its pin 3 can assignment as a thermostat, but this affection is bare in this application. Pins 5…7 actuate the low $.25 of the accessory I2C abode (up to 8 sensors can be affiliated in alongside on the aforementioned I2C bus); ambience the access as apparent configures the accessory to acknowledge at abode 0×90.

The MCU is the Motorola MC68HC908QT4, a tiny 8-pin accessory with 4 kB of beam and 128 bytes of RAM. A nice appropriate of the QT is that all of its pins (except power) can be acclimated as I/O, as able displace is affirmed by agency of centralized brown-out circuitry, and a flash-calibrated centralized oscillator provides a analytic abiding alarm source.

Two I/O pins serve as I2C bus abstracts and clock. All QT pins affection programmable pull-ups, so alien resistors on the I2C bus are unnecessary.

Another I/O anchorage drives the IR LED (ports can antecedent up to 25 mA) through a accepted attached resistor. Peak accepted is set to 8 mA, abundant lower than a “real” alien control, because the accessory is advised to accomplish in abutting adjacency of the DVD player.

Rather, boundless LED ability may baffle with added IR accessories in the aforementioned location, e.g. air conditioners, TVs, VCRs, DVD players and others electronics appurtenances frequently begin in homes, offices and shops.
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Sunday, April 7, 2013

Dual Power Supply Circuits

This is a bench top power supply that can be used to power circuits or devices during development work in the lab. More specifically it is an adjustable, tracking, dual rail supply which means there are two supply voltages, one positive, one negative, that are adjusted by a common potentiometer such that supply voltages are equal in magnitude. It is capable of supplying up to +/- 15V DC at up to 1A. This is sufficient for the majority of small signal electronic projects.

Dual Power Suplly Circuit diagram.
Dual Power Supply Circuits
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Power Supply circuit above shows the circuit layout for this project. A centre tapped transformer (TR1) is used with two 12V secondary windings with its centre tap tied to ground. This allows positive and negative voltages to be generated with respect to the central ground. Rectification follows based upon the bridge rectifier (BR1) and smoothing capacitors (C1, C2, C4 and C5).

Two linear regulators are used, an LM317 on the positive side and an LM337 on the negative side. These regulators keep the supply voltage constant for a varying load up to a load current of around 1A. The voltage adjustment is achieved through potentiometers RV1 and RV2 in the positive side of the circuit. The clever part of this circuit comes from the mirroring of the positive voltage adjustment to the negative side via the op-amp U2 to give the circuit its tracking nature.

The op-amp U2 has its positive input tied to ground via a 4K7 resistor. This means that, providing there is negative feedback around the op-amp, the op-amp will endeavour to make its negative input also at ground or 0V. The negative feedback is arranged by the output of the op-amp U2 driving the Adjust pin of the negative regulator U3 and by resistors R3 and R4. The op-amp U2 sets the voltage on the adjust pin of U3 such that the voltage at its negative input is 0V. Also as R3 and R4 are equal, the positive and negative regulated voltages must then be equal in magnitude.

An analogue meter is driven from the positive side to give an indication of the voltage setting. Two switches are used to allow the positive and negative supplies to be turned on/off independently and there are also two LED acting as indicators.

Dual Power Supply Construction

This power supply circuit was built up on Veroboard as it is quite simple to build. Heatsinks can be mounted to the two regulators to improve the current drive capability. The transformer and circuit were mounted inside a wooden box. If a metal box is used the box must be connected to mains earth to prevent a shock hazard. Figure 2 shows a picture of the finished unit. It should be noted that this box is rather shabby and the author has been meaning to improve it for a while but it does do the job nicely.
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